New resources for metals must be developed with the aid of novel technologies. Pdf biomininga useful approach toward metal extraction. Biooxidation article about biooxidation by the free dictionary. As per the usda guidelines for compost practices with effect from oct 21, 2002, vermicomposts are defined as organic matter of plant andor animal origin. Biomining is the extraction of specific metals from their ores through biological means usually bacteria. Aug 17, 2004 the oxidative dissolution of pyrite fes2 by pure and mixed cultures of moderately thermophilic acidophiles was studied in shake flask cultures and in ph. Where does the valuable metal end up after the leaching process.
Introduction biological treatment is an important and integral part of any wastewater treatment plant that treats wastewater from either municipality or industry. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Biooxidation of a gold bearing arsenopyritepyrite cencentrate. Biooxidation article about biooxidation by the free. Pdf the potential use microorganisms in the biooxidation. Review of biohydrometallurgical metals extraction from.
Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is a chemophilic, moderately thermophilic bacteria which can produce energy from oxidation of inorganic compounds like sulfur and iron. In biooxidation or biobeneficiation the undesired metals and other compounds are leached away from the ore. In the powerpoint preferences dialog box, click general. The biooxidation process results in the microbiological oxidation of. Biomining techniques may also be used to clean up sites that have been polluted with metals. A tool for wastewater treatment nc tharavathy, m krishnamoorthy, and bb hosetti. Algae grow using energy from the sun and carbon dioxide and inorganic compounds released by bacteria in water. Oxidation ponds, also called lagoons or stabilization ponds, are large, shallow ponds designed to treat wastewater through. Oxidation ponds, also called lagoons or stabilization ponds, are large, shallow ponds designed to treat wastewater through the interaction of sunlight, bacteria, and algae. Heap leaching is a tried and tested mining technique enabling the processing of different kinds of ores which could not otherwise be exploited under viable economic conditions.
Convert and create pdf from various types of files like word doc, excel xls, powerpoint ppt. Biomining is the process of using microorganisms microbes to extract metals of economic interest from rock ores or mine. To the right sulfur yellow is bound to a metal blue, for example iron. Bioleachingminerals biooxidation and bioremediation have been widely used commercially for heapdump. In bioleaching the desired metal is leached from the ore. Bioleaching commonly refers to biomining technology applied to base metals.
Free energy can be expressed in terms of redox potential in redox reactions free energy change is proportionate to the tendenct of reactants to donate or accept electrons so. Eventually it leads to violation in operation of biochemical cleaning unit bcu in general and to excess. Times new roman wingdings univers arial symbol default design microsoft photo editor 3. Beta oxidation of lipids authorstream presentation. Bioleaching is a preparatory step to metal recovery. Design patents, patent patents, pregrant publications, reissues, and statutory invention registrations are all included. The biox process involves bacterial oxidation in agitated tanks for pretreatment of refractory ores and concentrates ahead of conventional cyanide leach for gold recovery. In subsequent processes, different from bioleaching, the metal is recovered from the leachate bacterial oxidation such as bioleaching or biooxidation on a commercial scale has been done on sulfide metal bearing materials such as arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, covellite and chalcocite ores and concentrates, the one.
Wastewater treatment wastewater treatment oxidation pond. Free energy can be expressed in terms of redox potential. Bioenergetics exergonic and endergonic reactions high energy compounds atp electron transport chain etc. Biomining presentation chemistry natural materials. The oxidative dissolution of pyrite fes 2 by pure and mixed cultures of moderately thermophilic acidophiles was studied in shake flask cultures and in ph. Definition betaoxidation may be defined as the oxidation of fatty acids on the betacarbon atom.
In whole ore biooxidation, a fine crush size is used, often 80% passing 38, to increase the biooxidation rate and the subsequent gold extraction recovery4. It covers what oxidation and reduction is, redox equations, half equation with exam examples. Biooxidation of pyrite by defined mixed cultures of. Biomining is a technique of extracting metals from ores and other solid materials typically using prokaryotes or fungi. Recent commercially relevant developments in the biohydrometallurgy of zinc are discussed with respect to brisa, hydrozinc, heap bioleaching, and stirred tank biooxidation of mixed concentr. Bioleaching principles, mechanisms, and applications for extraction of zinc, nickel, and cobalt are illustrated. Advanced oxidation processes aops 14 are alternatives to the incineration of wastes, which has many disadvantages. Some microbes can oxidize those metals, allowing them to dissolve in. Biomining presentation free download as powerpoint presentation.
Pdf converter is a online webbased document to pdf converter software. Biooxidation of mouteh refractory goldbearing concentrate. Although it is a new technique used by the mining industry to extract minerals such as copper, uranium and gold from their ores but nowadays biomining occupies an increasingly important place among the available mining technologies. In stiffed tank biooxidation, the oxygen mass transfer is improved by the use of expensive, high shear, high power agitation. These organisms secrete different organic compounds that chelate metals from the environment and bring it back to the cell where they are typically used to coordinate electrons. Department of postgraduate and research in biosciences, mangalore university, mangalore 574199, karnataka, india.
The mechanical design process, 2003, ullman 9 rule of thumb for cost estimating in design materials includes raw materials, purchased parts and scrap manufacturing. Multiple patents can be obtained by separating requests with a semicolon. Darebidi3 1 department of biotechnology, faculty of pharmacy, tehran medical sciences university, tehran islamic republic of iran. Photooxidation is the important process in the weathering of oil and produces a variety of oxidized compounds, including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic. Photooxidation is the important process in the weathering of oil and produces a variety of oxidized compounds, including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, esters, epoxides, sulfoxides, sulfones, phenols, anhydrides, quinones, and aliphatic and aromatic alcohols. Biomining is the process of using microorganisms microbes to extract metals of economic interest from rock ores or mine waste.
No file size restrictions, no ad watermarks just a free online tool for creating pdfs from your ppt slides. Bioleaching can be applied to various ore types through microbial generation of leach agents. Valuable metals are commonly bound up in solid minerals. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is a chemophilic, moderately thermophilic bacteria which can produce energy from oxidation of inorganic compounds like. Process is ideal for emissions that produce acids upon. Oxidation and reduction powerpoint teaching resources. In the case of thepolysulfide mechanism, biooxidation processes which are used to treat solubilization of the acidsoluble metal sulfide is through goldbearing arsenopyrite ores or concentrates operate a combined attack by ferric iron and protons, with at 40 c and ph 16 15. To the left sulfur yellow is bound to a metal green, for example copper. This results in the sequential removal of a two carbon fragment, acetyl coa. Physical and chemical properties of these connections cause low speed of biological degradation and toxic influence that is explained by ability of these hydrocarbons to form films which. Even though its a new technique used by the mining enterprise to extract minerals equivalent to copper, uranium, and gold from their ores, however.
Bioenergetics exergonic and endergonic reactions high. Biooxidation a technology for sustainable by dharani. Us epa, oswer, office of underground storage tanks subject. The mechanical design process, 2003, ullman 9 rule of thumb for cost estimating in design materials includes raw materials, purchased parts and scrap manufacturing includes. Save powerpoint presentations as pdf files office support. The biox process is a proprietary technology owned by biomin south africa and used under licence by a number of operating mines.
These organisms secrete different organic compounds that chelate. In whole ore biooxidation, a fine crush size is used. Objectives after the end of the presentation well know. Follow these instructions to set the print quality of the pdf. Development of the biox process started in the late 197os at gencor process research, in johannesburg, south africa. This powerpoint can be used for revision before exams or as a tutorial. Endergonic reactions result in products with more energy than the reactants.
The biox process for biooxidation of goldbearing ores or. Modern day heap leaching, which has a relatively low level of energy consumption, is for example. Biomining a useful approach toward metal extraction. B a energy carbohydrates lipids, proteins the reaction is said to be endergonic or energy requiring. Biooxidation is a process by which the recovery of a metal is enhanced by microbial decomposition of the mineral, but the target metal is not necessarily solubilized.
Bacteria biooxidation is an oxidation process caused by microbes where the valuable metal remains but becomes enriched in the solid phase. Free energy can be expressed in terms of redox potential in redox reactions free energy change is proportionate to. Pdf the potential use microorganisms in the biooxidation of gold. In biooxidation the valuable metal, here gold, is left more enriched in the solid phase and can be further treated, for example by cyanidation. Biooxidation of mouteh refractory goldbearing concentrate by.
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