The radiation characteristics of this proposed structure are studied and analyzed using cst microwave studio v14. Design and simulation microstrip patch antenna using cst. Design of optically transparent antenna with directional. In any illustration, the sketch drawn to represent the radiation of an antenna is its radiation pattern. They are the original type of microstrip antenna described by howell in 1972. Design of rectangular patch antenna array using different. Microstrip patch antenna designed using cst microwave studio the antenna is being excited with the coaxial feed point located at distance dx and dy from the centre of the patch. The radiation properties of the proposed antenna attain 3 db beam width of 74. Cst microwave studio is used to design the metamaterial based rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The simulation results of the microstrip patch antenna. Microstrip patch antennas or simply patch antenna are increasingly useful because the antenna is printed directly onto a circuit board.
The antenna engineer may face the situation of needing to design patch radiators above the composite material instead of a conductor ground plane. This antenna consists of a radiation patch above the transparent glass substrate and a frequency selective surface acting as the ground of microstrip antenna on the back of the glass. I want to design a patch antenna b y using cst software but i am facing a. The basic structure of the microstrip patch antenna is shown in figure 1. The substrate used is fr4 with dielectric constant of 4. Fundamental specifications of patch antennas radiation pattern a patch antenna radiates power in certain directions and we say that the antenna has directivity usually expressed in dbi. But i was getting the value of efficiency in negative.
It consists of area of metallization supported above a ground plane by a thin dielectric substrate and fed against the ground at an appropriate location. For good antenna performance, a thick dielectric substrate having a low dielectric constant radiation. The microstrip patch antenna is a popular printed resonant antenna for narrowband microwave wireless links that require semihemispherical coverage. Additional benefits of patch antennas is that they are easily fabricated making them cost effective. Radiation is the term used to represent the emission or reception of wave front at the antenna, specifying its strength.
Due to its planar configuration and ease of integration with microstrip technology, the microstrip patch antenna has been heavily studied and is often used as elements for an array. In this paper, the simulation is performed by using software computer simulation technology cst microwave studio based on finite difference time domain technique. These can be used to simulate antenna radiation patterns, installed performance and coupling in realistic environments. Design and performance analysis of microstrip patch. If this is an electrically small antenna, this is a good figure. The geometry of micro strip patch antenna is shown in fig. Emphasis has been given on the optimization of the antenna structure at 1. An optically transparent antenna with directional radiation pattern is proposed in this paper. How can i calculate and draw radation pattren of antenna by using. Patch is a radiating element and it can be available in different shapes like square,rectangular,circular,triangular etc. Cst mws and matlab softwares are used for the simulation and design calculations of the microstrip antennas. The patch antenna performs reasonably well in terms of return loss and radiation efficiency. In general patch antenna structure looks very similar to sandwich, where a dielectric sheet substrate merged between the two metallic planes.
Designed and simulated by cst computer simulation technology. A patch antenna radiates power in certain directions and we say that the antenna has directivity usually expressed in dbi. Due to reciprocity, the radiation pattern from the. A micro strip patch antenna consists of a very thin. It consists of a flat rectangular sheet or patch of metal, mounted over a larger sheet of metal called a ground plane. The design is based on the transmission line model and is simulated in cst. Microstrip patch antenna design for ku band application. Rectaangular microstrip patch antenna for wireless. A rectangular microstrip patch antenna model is proposed using air as a substrate to study the characteristics of designed antenna. Design of ultra wideband circular patch monopole antenna. The patch is generally made up of a conducting material such as copper or gold and can take any possible shape like rectangular, circular, triangular, elliptical or some other common shape.
Enhanced bandwidth and radiation specifications of patch. However, the most attractive feature of this design is its form factor. The fundamentals of patch antenna design and performance. Feed line distributes rf power to different part of antenna. The designed microstrip patch antenna with four slits and a pair of truncated corners are simulated using cadfeko for finding the electric far field radiation, gain, directivity, radiation pattern e. The design of the proposed ultra wideband monopole antenna7 with modified ground surface plane is shown in figure 1. I plot the co and cross comparing with e and hplane radiation patterns of patch antenna. Mobile microstrip patch antenna basics and design rf. Generally, patch antenna has a shape of rectangle, and it can be feed with copper cable. The polarization and antenna gain for the fields radiated toward the test antenna of the source antenna should be known. The primary intent of this paper is to investigate the potential of using a slotted circular patch antenna at 2. After the simulation was finished the farfield pattern will be available under a folder. Analysis of micro strip patch antenna using coaxial feed. Microstrip antennas have high q q 100 is common, which means that they have small bandwidths.
Extensive optimization process for optimum antenna performance is generated besides analyzing the beam forming pattern of. Farfield radiation patern can be drawm by farfield result on cst. I have designing microstrip patch antenna and was getting gain and directivity as around 9. The parameters6 of the antenna such as return loss, radiation efficiency, directivity and gain are determined using cst computer simulation technology microwave studio software.
Controlling radiation pattern of patch antenna using transformation. The use of slotted patch reduces the size of antenna and higher bandwidth, which is the area that can be improved with the proposed design. Cst studio suite is suitable for designing a wide range of antenna types, including horns. Designing of patch antenna is highly versatile in nature because, designing of patch antenna totally depends upon application. A cancer treatment model consisting of a microstrip patch antenna and breast phantom comprising tumor is designed and simulated in cst studio suite 2018. A microstrip or patch antenna operates in a way that when current though a feed line reaches the strip of the antenna, then electromagnetic waves are generated. Abstract in this paper, the design of a coaxial fed single layer microstrip patch antenna for 5.
The performance parameters were achieved with return loss 16. A micro strip patch antenna consists of a very thin metallic. Improvement of efficiency parameter of a microstrip patch. It is emphasised to the radiation properties of the antennasthe radiation pattern and polarization purity. Alternate feed methods a common variation in patch antenna design is the location and routing of the feed, to obtain a desired feedpoint impedance, to. How to synthesize the radiation pattern of an antenna. Vswr, radiation pattern, beamwidth, directivity, gain. As the outcome from this final year project, a suitable phased array antenna operating at 12 ghz is designed using cst software. Exploring simulation results of microstrip patch antenna.
If the ratio lw is close to unity, the radiation pattern will be symmetric but may not provide a resonable input impedance. Now that we have our measurement equipment and an antenna range, we can perform some antenna measurements. If the antenna had a 100% radiation efficiency, all directivity would be converted to gain. The effects of variation of patch length l of designed antenna also studied. Consideration is given on practical design technique, including substrate selection and antenna measurements. Enhanced bandwidth and radiation specifications of patch antenna for wimax application abstract. The antenna design can be simulated and results are optimized using rf and microwave antenna design softwares such as ie3d, ansof, cst etc. The tutorial shows how to explore the farfield radiation pattern, surface current on the patch, vswr, input. From simulation and measured results it is found that our proposed patch antenna shows improved performance compared to a conventional cmpa. Design techniques for conformal microstrip antennas and. A patch antenna is a type of radio antenna with a low profile, which can be mounted on a flat surface.
The minimum range for the plot may change the visual sharpness of the main beam. Antenna simulation models used in my researches and projects. Alternate feed methods a common variation in patch antenna design is the location and routing of the feed, to obtain a desired feedpoint impedance, to control the polarization, or for convenient layout. In order to describe the algorithm for the design of conformal microstrip antennas, for the sake of simplicity, let us first consider a probefed planar microstrip antenna with a gular patch of length lpa and width wpa, mounted on a dielectric substrate of thickness hs, relative permittivity. We will use the source antenna to illuminate the antenna under test with a plane wave from a specific direction. Microstrip patch antenna has advantages than other antenna is lightweight, inexpensive, easy to fabricate and achieve radiation characteristics with higher return loss. How to see the radiation pattern for siw antenna in cst simulator.
How can i improve the gain of a patch antenna and what is. This article describes the design, fabrication and testing of micro strip patch antennas operating at 2. The basics of patch antennas, updated orban microwave. Their low profile design, often square or rectangular, allows them to be mounted to flat surfaces. Microstrip antenna an overview sciencedirect topics. Although, reducing the antenna size is a distinguished topic of antenna development, the antenna performance significantly drops for a. The waves from the patch start getting radiated from the width side. Typical antennas designed for the microwave range are quite large in size, which makes them. Microstrip patch antennae radiate primarily because of the fringing fields between the patch edge and the ground plane. Typical half wave patches have efficiencies well above 90%. The electric far field of the microstrip patch antenna is shown in figure. Design and simulation microstrip patch antenna using cst microwave studio. One can simply understand the function and directivity of an antenna by having a look at its radiation pattern. The frequency selective surface fss performs well as ground in the working frequency range to achieve directional.
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